Generate Quiz 688DAEC9BB351

Neither electric nor magnetic fields can deflect X-rays because they do not interact with them in a significant way. Their interactions with matter through scattering or absorption are the main causes of their deflection.

The quantity of incident photons determines the intensity. According to classical physics, light intensifies when two photons traveling in the same direction collide.

GAMMA RAYS are renowned for their exceptional penetration capabilities, as they can pierce a variety of metals. Lead and other elements with high atomic numbers and high densities provide the best defense against them. Lead has an atomic number of 82.
Before using up all of their energy, gamma rays can travel thousands of meters in the air at the speed of light. Water can protect them, but a lot of it would be needed: To protect against gamma rays, 13.8 feet of water, roughly 6.6 feet of concrete, or roughly 1.3 feet of lead are needed. Because aluminum is less dense, gamma rays can pass right through it.

Sodium (Na) has eleven protons, whereas calcium (Ca) does not. The proton number (p) and mass number (p + n) are included in the standard symbol for the nucleus. Thus, 11Na23, which is listed in option C, is the response.

Ionization can be caused by gamma rays (𝘲) in the following ways:

I. Photoelectric Effect: In this process, an electron attached to an atom interacts with a gamma-ray photon. The electron is expelled from the atom as a result of the gamma-ray’s complete energy transfer to it. The atom becomes ionized as a result. A photoelectron is the name given to the released electron.

II. Compton Effect (Compton Scattering): This process involves an atom’s electron colliding with a gamma-ray photon. Only a portion of the gamma-ray’s energy is transferred to the electron, altering the electron’s and gamma-ray’s energy and direction. Ionization results from the electron being expelled from the atom and the gamma ray continuing its path with less energy.

A neutron is 1836 times heavier than an electron. We can state that the electron-to-neutron mass ratio is 1836:1. As a result, none of the choices are accurate.

The acronym CAT represents “Computerized Axial Tomography.” The term CT scan (Computerized Tomography scan) is frequently used to refer to it. CT scans produce finely detailed cross-sectional images of the body by combining computer technology and X-rays. CT scan images are used for many medical purposes, including detecting anomalies, directing surgery, and tracking the effectiveness of treatment. They also yield useful diagnostic information.

The wavelength of light has an inverse relationship with photon energy. This implies that photons with higher energy have shorter wavelengths.

The wavelengths of ultraviolet light are shorter than those of visible light. Higher energy photons are indicated by shorter wavelengths as you proceed from violet to ultraviolet in the spectrum.

The substance loses half of its initial mass after one half-life.

Iodine’s mass becomes 20/2=10 mg after a half-life of 1. This 10 mg is then further halved to yield 5 mg following the second half-life.

Considering that 80 seconds is the half-life;

Lambda (λ) = 0.693/t1/2, then

= 0.693/80

If decade is present in ⅞th of the source, then only ⅛th remains.

Applying the equation N = No e -(λ)t

e- (0.689/80)t = N/No

1/8 = e-(0.689/80)t

Because (⅛) = -(O.689/80)

Then t = In (⅛) /- (0.689/80)

Consequently,

t = 240 seconds

Alpha decay is a form of radioactive decay that results in the emission of alpha particles. Similar to a helium nucleus, an alpha particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons bound together.

An alpha particle has a total charge of +2e since it contains two protons, each of which has a positive charge of +e. Since the neutrons in an alpha particle are chargeless, they do not add to the total charge of the particle.

In 1932, Carl Anderson made the discovery of positrons while researching cosmic particle showers.

A continuous spectrum is one that spans a range of wavelengths and appears unbroken by lines or bands.
Because black body radiation emits all wavelengths based on the black body’s temperature, its spectrum is continuous.

The number of nuclei that will have decayed after two half-lives is accurately represented by this option. N/2 nuclei are left over after the first half-life, and (1/2) * (N/2) = N/4 nuclei are left over after the second half-life. Therefore, N – N/4 = 3N/4 is the correct number of nuclei that decayed after two half-lives. Option D is therefore the right response.

The following is the formula for stopping potential:

K.Emax=leV0l

Reorganizing:

V0 = K.Emax/e

V0 = 2.4 eV/e

V0=2.4 V solution!

The potential needed to prevent electrons from being ejected from a metal surface when an incident beam of energy larger than the metal’s work potential is focused on it is known as the stopping potential. Potential for stopping can never be zero.

As the name suggests, pair production occurs when a high-energy photon (gamma ray) passes by a heavy nucleus, creating a “position and electron” pair. The photon’s energy, momentum, and charge distribution are all satisfied by the electron-positron pair.

The half-life is obtained by multiplying the average lifespan by the natural logarithm of 2, or 0.6931.

A pair of protons and two neutrons make up an alpha particle. The answer to this question is B because alpha emission causes the mass number to decrease by 4 and the atomic number to decrease by 2.

In a vacuum, photons travel faster than in liquid water.

Photons move at the speed of light, or roughly 299,792,458 meters per second (186,282 miles per second), in a vacuum, like space.

However, because of interactions between the photons and the medium’s atoms or molecules, light moves a little more slowly in a material medium, such as liquid water, than it does in a vacuum. Light travels at about 225,000,000 meters per second in water, which is roughly 3/4 of its speed in a vacuum.

The medium’s refractive index, which measures how much light is slowed down when it travels through a substance as opposed to a vacuum, is the cause of this speed differential.

Light and all other electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed, c = 3 x 108 m/s.