Generate Quiz 68CA85D7554A9

The lymph is expelled from lymphatic vessels into the left and right lymphatic ducts (also known as the thoracic ducts). The subclavian vein, which returns lymph to your bloodstream, is connected to these ducts. The vein beneath your collarbone is called the subclavian vein. Normal blood pressure and volume are maintained by reintroducing lymph into the circulation. Additionally, it avoids edema, which is the excessive accumulation of fluid around the tissues. The deep vein that returns oxygen-poor blood from your upper body to your heart is called a subclavian vein. Each side of your body has one of these. Blood is transported from your right upper body to your right subclavian vein. Blood from your left upper body is transported by your left subclavian vein.

Blood from the entire ailmentary canal is collected by the hepatic portal vein and transported to the inferior vena cava.

Guard cells are a component of the leaf’s epidermal layer, or epidermis, and contain chloroplasts. Indeed, they lack plasmodesmata, which are tiny channels that directly link the cytoplasm of nearby plant cells.

Plasmodesmata are found in spongy and palisade mesophyll, which are not a component of the epidermal layer.

Except for guard cells, epidermal cells do not engage in photosynthetic activity.

The physical process by which gases diffuse across a surface passively is known as gas exchange. Gaseous exchange is the process by which living things obtain oxygen for their cells from their surroundings.

“Imbibition” is the process by which a colloidal system absorbs fluid, leading to swelling. Option B is therefore accurate.

An immune response without the use of antibodies is known as cell-mediated immunity. Instead, phagocyte activation, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of different cytokines in response to an antigen constitute cell-mediated immunity. Another name for humoral immunity is antibody-mediated immunity. B cells will develop into plasma B cells, which are able to generate antibodies against a particular antigen, with the aid of helper T cells. Antigens from pathogens that are freely circulating or outside of infected cells are dealt with by the humoral immune system. B cell-produced antibodies will attach to antigens and neutralize them, or they will cause phagocytosis or lysis (the breakdown or death of cells by a lysin).

The lymph always flows in the direction of the thoracic duct. Draining lymph from the lower body, left side of the chest, left arm, and neck is the function of the thoracic duct, the largest lymphatic vessel in the body. Lymph is returned to the bloodstream at the left subclavian vein, which is situated close to the heart and is where the thoracic duct empties. As a result, lymph always flows in the direction of the thoracic duct, which empties into the circulatory system close to the heart.

It is situated in the right atrium’s upper lateral wall. The right pulmonary veins and the superior vena cava (SVC) are mainly located in the upper lateral wall of the right atrium. Blood can enter the right atrium from the lungs (through the right pulmonary veins) and the systemic circulation (through the SVC) thanks to these structures. A sizable vein called the superior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood to the heart from the upper body, which includes the head, neck, and upper limbs. It enters the right atrium’s upper lateral wall close to where it joins the right atrial appendage. The oxygenated blood is transported from the right lung to the heart by the right pulmonary veins.

A vital part of the immune system, “white blood cells” (also called leukocytes) are in charge of protecting the body from foreign invaders and infectious diseases.Although they are not directly involved in the defense system, “red blood cells” and “platelets” are involved in the movement of oxygen and blood coagulation, respectively. The liquid portion of blood called “plasma” contains different proteins, hormones, and nutrients. By consuming foreign substances and cell debris, eliminating infectious agents and cancer cells, or creating antibodies, white blood cells carry out their defense functions.